589 results

Design standards for experimental and field studies to evaluate diagnostic accuracy of tests for infectious diseases in aquatic animals

Project number: 2015-045
Project Status:
Completed
Budget expenditure: $24,000.00
Principal Investigator: Mark S. Crane
Organisation: CSIRO Australian Animal Health Laboratory
Project start/end date: 31 May 2016 - 30 Mar 2017
Contact:
FRDC

Need

In aquatic animals, experimental studies are often used to study the pathogenicity of an etiologic agent; to study interactions between the host, pathogen, and environment; and to evaluate the comparative performance of existing and novel diagnostics. In the latter case, specimens are sometimes collected from animals at different stages of infection post-challenge to demonstrate temporal changes in diagnostic sensitivity post-challenge. Diagnostic accuracy studies should be designed to assess a test’s fitness for a designated purpose, and the design should also inform reporting in peer-reviewed journals. Reported studies should include clear descriptions of purpose and intended application, and authors should discuss the limitations of their results in the context of other available or currently-used tests to facilitate informed decisions by end-users. In human medical research, standards exist for various aspects of diagnostic test research, including guidelines for accurate and transparent reporting and for quality assessment of methodologies in systematic reviews of diagnostic-accuracy studies. Similar standards are required for animal, including aquatic animal, research. It is anticipated that the established criteria, from human clinical research for evaluating diagnostic accuracy studies, can be adapted to develop a standardized set of criteria for the design of field and experimental studies to assess diagnostic accuracy for infectious diseases in aquatic animals.

Objectives

1. Evaluate (a) design criteria reported for diagnostic studies of OIE-listed diseases of finfish, molluscs and crustaceans and (b) test design and accuracy recommendations from OIE, peer-reviewed literature in aquatic animal health and other sources (e.g. aquatic animal health experts).
2. Develop a list of gaps or inconsistencies in current design criteria and reporting for OIE-listed diseases in aquatic species, based on collected recommendations from Objective 1.
3. Compile consensus-based standards in an applicable format for diagnostic studies in finfish, molluscs and crustaceans for use by research journals and laboratories.

Final report

ISBN: 978-1-4863-1280-1
Authors: Mark St. J. Crane Peter G. Mohr Nick J. G. Moody
Final Report • 2019-06-01 • 433.17 KB
2015-045-DLD.pdf

Summary

Design and reporting quality are important parameters for assessing aquatic animal studies on diagnostic test sensitivity and specificity however standards for experimental design are lacking. As part of this study, design guidelines to improve the quality of published studies on test specificity and sensitivity on natural disease events well as experimental infectivity trials.

Thus important metrics for consideration at the design phase of diagnostic accuracy studies (DAS) include study purpose, targeted disease state (clinically diseased vs infected but apparently healthy), selection of appropriate samples and specimens, laboratory analytical methods, statistical methods and data interpretation. Implementing standards for designing DAS will assist in appropriate test selection for specific testing purposes and minimize the risk of reporting biased estimates of diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. In addition, with respect to pool-level sensitivity, using the developed protocols in DAS will ensure that the effect of pooling samples for the specified disease agents and hosts on diagnostic sensitivity will be clearly defined.

A health promotion program incorporating fish for withdrawal of antihypertensive drugs in overweight hypertensives

Project number: 2002-242
Project Status:
Completed
Budget expenditure: $103,637.00
Principal Investigator: Lawrence Beilin
Organisation: University of Western Australia (UWA)
Project start/end date: 13 Apr 2002 - 15 Jun 2005
Contact:
FRDC

Need

The study will demonstrate the extent to which a health promotion program incorporating dietary fish meals, as well as weight control and increased physical activity, compares with usual care alone. The study is designed to reduce blood pressure and drug requirements in the longer term and minimise cardiovascular risk in overweight hypertensive patients. We will use ambulatory blood pressures as criteria for both inclusion and endpoints decisions and will assess quality of life and the cost-benefit in relation to lifestyle changes and overall cardiovascular risk. The results should have important implications for public health given the high prevalence of hypertensive cardiovascular disease.

Objectives

0. To investigate whether, compared with a usual care group, a health promotion program incorporating increased fish consumption and improved dietary habits, as well as weight control and physical activity, will enhance blood pressure control, enabling antihypertensive therapy to be withdrawn for at least a year.
1. To investigate whether, compared with a usual care group, a health promotion program incorporating increased fish consumption and improved dietary habits, as well as weight control and physical activity, will lead to sustained improvements in cardiovascular risk profile in terms of lipids, glucose tolerance and blood platelet and endothelial activation.

Final report

ISBN: 1-74052-121-8
Author: Lawrence Beilin

Sydney rock oyster hatchery and nursery health workshop

Project number: 2002-206
Project Status:
Completed
Budget expenditure: $30,000.00
Principal Investigator: Mike Heasman
Organisation: NSW Department of Primary Industries
Project start/end date: 19 Oct 2002 - 1 Jan 2004
Contact:
FRDC

Need

Add Text

Objectives

1. To examine causes of mortality in oyster larvae and spat in hatcheries in NSW, other states and overseas.
2. To critically review procedures at the PSFC mollusc hatchery that might cause or contribute to Sydney rock oyster larval and spat mortality.
3. To assess the likelihood that strategic research can identify the problems casing mortality or develop processed to avoid it.
4. Depending on 3 above, to draft the objectives and methods for a three year research project aimed at solving hatchery mortality of Sydney rock oyster larvae and spat.
5. To recommend changes to current practices.

Final report

Author: Mike Heasman
Final Report • 2017-09-29 • 2.79 MB
2002-206-DLD.pdf

Summary

Mass of mortality over the past decade in routine mass hatchery and nursery rearing to produce the millions of spat required for commercial operation. These same problems have also forced the abandonment of SRO production operations by several commercial hatcheries elsewhere in NSW. three complementary strategies have been developed and major resources marshaled, first strategy implement relatively simple but potentially significant modifications to existing bivalve hatchery facilities, rearing equipment and operating protocols at PSFC. The second strategy is assessing whether or not ‘in-house factors’ at PSFC, namely site and facility design and operational constraints (especially inherent plumbing design faults and hygiene constraints imposed by year-round competing demands for limited hatchery resources), have been responsible for variable and generally poor hatchery production of SRO spat. The third strategy, a 3-year program of systematic experimental investigation has been designed to optimize a wide spectrum of husbandry factors,
particularly those identified as of high probable significance during the course by an international health workshop that in August 2002. The program is also geared to ‘fast-track’ commercialization of SRO breeding program with the first large scale production run to be attempted in Sept/Oct 2003. A priority objective is rapid assessment of alternative settlement and spat rearing technologies, including use of spat bubblers and estuary-based field nursery systems, to promote fastest possible growth of spat to a size of 2 mm beyond which they appear to overcome susceptibility to the mass mortality syndrome. A critical outcome of the program will be to ensure the portability of improved commercial production technology developed.

Enhanced usage of contemporary scientific findings on health benefits of seafood to promote fresh seafood consumption

Project number: 1996-340
Project Status:
Completed
Budget expenditure: $39,902.00
Principal Investigator: Shawn Somerset
Organisation: Bowerman Enterprises Pty Ltd
Project start/end date: 4 Dec 1996 - 24 May 2000
Contact:
FRDC

Need

Considerable scientific information on the health benefits of eating seafood is accumulating, yet relatively little of this information has been effectively communicated to the general public or translated into opportunities to promote fresh seafood consumption. There is a need for this to be done, since the FRDC-funded Sydney asthma study demonstrated clearly the commercial potential of communicating research findings to the mass market.

The seafood industry and the general public need an organised mechanism to identify important health issues, to seek out scientific findings and to translate these into a format that can be used by the seafood industry marketers and others to promote the consumption of fresh seafood in a responsible, accurate and safe manner.

There is a need also for the general public to become more aware of the health benefits of seafood.

Objectives

1. To translate the complex findings of nutrition science research into a format (ie. in the form of research summaries) that make such findings accessible to marketers of seafood and the general community (by: compiling health research findings, summarising the results of those findings, and translating them into a format that can be readily adopted by marketers of seafood, health workers and others to communicate to the general public)
2. Develop guidelines for the selection and communication of nutrition information to be used for marketing and promotion to ensure an image of high scientific integrity.
3. Outline food standards code section A1(19) relating to health claims made about food etc. to ensure that usage of research summaries complies with Australian food regulations.

Final report

ISBN: 0 646 376438
Authors: S. Somerset M. Bowerman
Final Report • 1999-12-06 • 6.90 MB
1996-340-DLD.pdf

Summary

Eat fish and you'll live longer and healthier. Everyone knows this - or do they? Where did this common understanding of the benefits of fish arise and what is the scientific basis for these claims. What are the "best bets" for nutrition-based fish promotion in Australia?

Considerable scientific information on the health benefits of eating seafood is accumulating, yet relatively little of this information has been effectively communicated to the general public or translated into opportunities to promote fresh seafood consumption. There is a need for this to be done, since the FRDC-funded Sydney asthma study demonstrated clearly the commercial potential of communicating research findings to the mass market.

This project has looked at the scientific evidence and translated complex nutrition research findings into a form upon which marketing and promotion material on fresh fish can be based.

Seafood CRC: Centre of Excellence Science Seafood & Health (CESSH): Post Harvest Research Program

Project number: 2013-711
Project Status:
Completed
Budget expenditure: $412,202.00
Principal Investigator: Jayne M. Gallagher
Organisation: Curtin University
Project start/end date: 14 Jun 2013 - 29 Jun 2016
Contact:
FRDC

Need

The seafood industry is facing unprecedented challenges (WAFIC 2020 Strategy, FRDC R&D 2015). The networks established by CESSH have laid a strong foundation to attract national and international investment partners. For the first time, the whole industry along the supply chain and post harvest is working together to achieve outcomes that benefit the WA (and national seafood industry) and the health of the Australian population. It is essential that the industry is able to remain viable and indeed grow, within the constraints of an ever changing economic, technological and food security landscape. There is a need for a continued go-to place that the industry can access to gain support to develop new products, investigate novel and improved means of harvest, reduce production costs and provide evidence of the value of consuming seafood. CESSH needs to build on existing strong capacity areas and establish expertise in areas that are currently not available in WA to service the growing and diverse needs of industry. This could afford industry a point of difference in the provision of world class support to answer research and science questions that impact on growth, quality or profitability in a timely fashion, an essential service for a primary industry.

Objectives

1. Sub Program 1: Waste minimisation and management - optimisation of supply chains to reduce waste
total utilisation of seafood products
and innovative product development from under-utilised species
2. Sub Program 2: Retailer 2020 - Develop an understanding of multi-channel consumer retail environments (current and future trends) to support Australian businesses to capitalise on new and emerging oppoprtunities.
3. Sub Program 3: Food policy research - maintain currency of expertise and knowledge in: regulation of food labelling and food laws
nutrition and health claims
nutritional dietary guidelines and the human health benefits of seafood to inform industry marketing initiatives and nutritional claims
4. Sub Program 4: Research advisory service - Develop a technical advice service to provide assistance along the supply chain
assist and upskill industry to apply for research funds
provide food technology advice (e.g. nutritional composition)
provide health benefit advice to industry (market advantage)
and develop tailored industry and consumer resources.
5. Sub Program 5 - Education, communication and extension - respond to industry post harvest training needs
inform industry of relevant research findings in a variety of formats appropriate to the end-users
and build post harvest research and scientific capacity that is imbedded within the industry.
6. Sub Program 6 - Collaborative manufacturing hub - investigate and trial collaborative manufacturing hubs to reduce costs and maximise efficiencies in developing and commercialising new products

Final report

Author: Professor Alexandra McManus and Dr Janet Howieson
Final Report • 2019-01-01 • 863.24 KB
2013-711-DLD.pdf

Summary

This report summarises the outputs of Sub-Programs 2-5 of FRDC 2013-711: Centre of Excellence for Science, Seafood and Health. The report focuses on the period between January 2013 and June 2015 after which time the Sub-programs were ceased. The Sub-programs were entitled: Retailer 2020, Food
Policy Research, Research Advisory Service and Education, Communication and Extension. However, in reviewing the research, many of the outputs were common to several of the programs so will be reported in this way rather than under each sub-program.

An investigation of the toxicity of fish containing mercury at concentrations in excess of present health regulations

Project number: 1981-007
Project Status:
Completed
Budget expenditure: $0.00
Organisation: University of Queensland (UQ)
Project start/end date: 27 Jun 1985 - 29 Jun 1985
Contact:
FRDC

Objectives

1. Does eating fish such as shark & gemfish from unpolluted waters, containing mercury in excess of health regulations, pose danger of intoxication?
2. If not, investigate if any resistance to methyl mercury is conferred by ingesting such fish.

Australian Animal Welfare Strategy: the development of specific operator (boat) level Welfare Codes of Practice in the commercial capture fishing sector

Project number: 2012-507
Project Status:
Completed
Budget expenditure: $59,560.00
Principal Investigator: Paul Hardy-Smith
Organisation: Panaquatic Health Solutions Pty Ltd
Project start/end date: 27 Sep 2012 - 31 Jan 2014
Contact:
FRDC

Need

The project takes the outputs from an initial project (the development of draft Animal Welfare Codes of Practice for the Australina Commercial capture Fishing Sectors which have nw been endorsed at the industry association level) tothe operator (boat) level. This is where there can be most impact on fish welfare.
This project will work with six opertors in three states using five of the capture mehtods - purse seining, beach seining, mesh netting, trawling and line fishing - to develop specific codes for the individual operator (boat) to show practical applicability and sustainability of fish welfare at this level.

Objectives

1. To develop six operator welfare codes.

Rural Safety & Health Alliance - A joint RDC initiative

Project number: 2018-214
Project Status:
Completed
Budget expenditure: $60,000.00
Principal Investigator: Jenny Medway
Organisation: AgriFutures Australia
Project start/end date: 31 May 2019 - 29 Jun 2021
Contact:
FRDC

Need

Australia’s Rural Industries, represented by nine Rural Research and Development Corporations, are leading the way on health and safety improvement through effective research, development & extension (RD&E).

The Rural Safety and Health Alliance will facilitate cross-sectoral RD&E to minimise the negative impacts associated with death, injury and illness, and maximise the benefits of a productive, healthy and safe rural workforce.

For more information refer to: https://www.rsha.com.au/

Objectives

1. Key features of the alliance include setting clear priorities to better target research, development and extension, strengthening industry leadership and developing a ‘shark tank’ funding model, where applicants work together to pitch projects for funding.

Report

Report • 2020-05-12 • 1.80 MB
2018-214-WHS Industry Communications Guidelines (RSHA)-DLD.pdf

Summary

The Work Health and Safety (WHS) Communication Guidelines aim to help Research and Development Corporations (RDCs) and industry associations within the agriculture, forestry and fishing sector to communicate with flair and impact to improve WHS outcomes.   
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